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世界遗产档案
这8座小型土坯清真寺分别位于腾格雷拉省、库托省、索罗邦戈省、萨马蒂吉拉省、姆本格省、孔格省和卡瓦拉省。这些清真寺的特点包括外突的木杆,顶部带有陶器或鸵鸟蛋装饰的垂直扶壁,以及锥形宣礼塔。它们展示了一种特有的建筑风格,据信该风格起源于14世纪前后马里帝国的杰内城(Djenné),该国因与北非的跨撒哈拉沙漠的盐与黄金贸易而兴盛。尤其自16世纪以来,这种风格从沙漠地区向南传播到苏丹大草原。为了适应当地更潮湿的气候,建筑高度降低,并出现了更坚固的支撑。上世纪初科特迪瓦有数百座类似风格的清真寺,仅有20座留存至今,遗产地由其中保存最为完好的8座组成。这些清真寺具有独特的苏丹风格,为西非萨瓦纳地区所特有。伴随着商人和学者从马里帝国向南扩散,将跨撒哈拉的商贸路线延伸到了森林地区,这种风格在17-19世纪间发展起来。它们是促进了伊斯兰教和伊斯兰文化发展的跨撒哈拉贸易的重要见证,体现了伊斯兰建筑和当地建筑形式的融合,其风格极为独特,经久不衰。
UNESCO 官方中文展开英文原文
The eight Sudanese-style mosques located in Tengréla, Kouto, Sorobango, Samatiguila, Nambira, Kong, and Kaouara are characterized by earthen construction, projecting frameworks, vertical buttresses crowned with pottery or ostrich eggs, and high or low minarets in the form of a truncated pyramid. They present an interpretation of an architectural style that originated between the 12th and 14th centuries in the city of Djenné, which was then part of the Mali Empire and whose prosperity came from the trade of gold and salt across the Sahara to North Africa. It is especially from the 15th century that this style spread southwards, from the desert regions to the Sudanese savannah, adopting lower forms with stronger buttresses, to meet the requirements of a more humid climate. These mosques are the best preserved of the twenty that have survived in Côte d'Ivoire, out of several hundred that still existed at the beginning of the 20th century. The Sudanese style that characterizes these mosques, and which is unique to the savannah region of West Africa, developed between the eleventh and nineteenth centuries, when Islamic merchants and scholars spread southward from the Mali Empire, extending the trans-Saharan trade routes into the woodlands. The mosques are not only very important physical evidence of the trans-Saharan trade that fostered the expansion of Islam and Islamic culture, but are also a tangible expression of the fusion of two architectural forms that have endured over time: the Islamic form practiced by the Arab-Berbers and that of the indigenous animist communities.
